Sobanukirwa Abacanshuro ba Russia bo muri Wagner group; igice cya 1

Ni nde uri inyuma ya Wagner, itsinda ry'abacanshuro bazwi cyane ku isi?

Imyaka myinshi, bakoraga mu gicucucu. Ubu ni "ingabo bwite za Putin" ziri mu majwi, mu gihe intambara y'Uburusiya muri Ukraine ikomeje. Itsinda rya Wagner ni iki kandi bisobanura iki ku ntambara hamwe na Putin?

Reka duhere muri Syria kugira ngo usobanukirwe

Hasigaye abasirikare b'Abanyamerika bagera kuri 40 ku birindiro by'umukungugu mu Burasirazuba bwa Siriya. Isaha yose, barebaga umwanzi imbere. Izi zari ingabo zishyigikiye Bashar al-Assad Perezida wa Syria. Amagana yazo, hano yari ukwigarurira akarere ku barwanyi baba Kurude bashyigikiwe n'Amerika. Kandi nyamara, igihe Abanyamerika binjiye hamwe n'aba Kurude bumvise amajwi ya radiyo y'umwanzi uwo munsi muri Gashyantare 2018, bumvise amajwi y’Uburusiya.

Ubwo ingabo zagabaga igitero, zikarekura imbunda ntoya n’imbunda nini hamwe na za tanki, ubuyobozi bwa gisirikare bw’Amerika bwahamagaye ibiro by’umukuru w’igihugu mu Burusiya Kreml, abasaba guhagarika icyo gitero.

Amerika n'Uburusiya byari bimaze igihe kinini birinda imirwano itaziguye kandi hari ubwoba ko ibyo bishobora guteza ikibazo gikomeye cya dipolomasi, ibihugu byombi bikaba bifasha impande zitandukanye mu ntambara yo muri Siriya. 

Ariko Moscow yijeje bagenzi babo bo muri Amerika ko nta Burusiya bari muri kariya gace. None ubwo ni nde wateraga?

Urwo rugamba rwasojwe n’igitero simusiga cyagabwe na Amerika kugirango barinde abagabo babo. Ingabo zigera kuri 200 zaguye muri iyo mirwano. Abenshi muri bo bakaba ari abacanshuro b'Abarusiya.

Umukungugu umaze gukuraho, yaba Amerika cyangwa Uburusiya ntabwo bihutiye kwemeza ko bagabye igitero gusa. N'ubundi kandi, abacanshuro ntibari abigometse bakorera umuntu uwo ari we wese. 

Nibo Wagner Group, urusobe rw'igicucu rw'abahoze ari abasirikari b’Uburusiya babaye ingabo zidasanzwe za Kreml kuva yagaba igitero kuri Crimea muri Ukraine muri 2014.

Kuva ifata ibirombe bya diyama muri Afurika kugeza ku mihanda ya Kyiv hamwe n’amabwiriza akekwaho yo kwica Perezida wa Ukraine, Wagner yagiye igaragara cyane mu makimbirane ku isi hose mu gihe Uburusiya bushaka kwagura ibikorwa byabwo. 

Abahanga bavuga ko iri ari itsinda rishyigikiye ahanini intambara y’amaraso ya Vladimir Putin kandi ihenze muri Ukraine. Abarwanyi ba Wagner bari muba mbere bakurikiranyweho ibyaha by'intambara aho kandi umuterankunga wabo, Oligarch uzwi ku izina rya “chef wa Putin.”Aherutse kwiyemerera ko ayoboye iryo tsinda (nyuma yo kurokoka igitero gikomeye cya Ukraine ku birindiro byabo muri Donbas).

Ni iki tuzi kuri izi "Ngabo z'igicucu cya Putin"?

uhereye ku kirango cy’igihanga no kwinjiza kode ku bashya binjiramo no kugeza ku banazi bashya? imigambi iteye ubwoba ya Wagner itangiye gusenyuka mu gihe binjiye mu murongo?

Itsinda rya Wagner ni iki?

Ku mugaragaro, Wagner ntibaho. Abacanshuro bahabwa amasezerano yo kurwana intambara bagahabwa amafaranga aho kuba mu gisirikare. Ntibyemewe mu Burusiya ndetse no mu bihugu byinshi, harimo Amerika na Australia  bitewe n’ibihano mpuzamahanga.

Ariko amatsinda yigenga nk'aya aracyakora ku isi hose, harimo na Blackwater yo muri Amerika ubu izwi ku izina rya Academi, abakozi bayo bahamwe n'icyaha cyo kwica abaturage ba Iraki mu mwaka wa 2007.

Umuyobozi w’itsinda ry’umuryango w’abibumbye rishinzwe abacanshuro, Dr Sorcha MacLeod, avuga ko Wagner yasize inzira nini cyane y’ibyaha by’intambara ku isi hose. Agira ati: "Uburusiya si cyo gihugu cyonyine gifite itsinda ry'abacanshuro." Ati: "Turabizi ko Turukiya nayo ifite imwe, ariko Wagner, dushingiye kubyo tuzi aho yagiye n'aho ikorera, bisa nkaho ari binini. Mu byukuri ni imbaraga zihagarariye igihugu cy'Uburusiya. ”

Wagner ubundi basoma "Vagner” umuyobozi w'iryo tsinda utaremezwa, neza ni Dmitry Utkin, wahoze ari umuliyetona w’ubutasi mu gisirikare cy’Uburusiya, umufana wa Wagner ukekwaho kuba umunazi mushya. 

Wagner yagaragaye mu mwaka wa 2014 ubwo Uburusiya bwafataga intara ya Crimea, ahagaragaye abasirikare bari bambaye '“icyatsi kibisi” batamenyekanye.Abasirikare bambaye imyenda y'icyatsi itamenyekanye boherejwe kandi gufata igihugu cya Ukraine. Utkin yakomerekeye mu mirwano imaze igihe muri Donbas.

Uburusiya buvuga ko abacanshuro batemerewe n'amategeko, bityo ntibashobora kubikora.

Mu buryo butemewe, abacanshuro ba Wagner rimwe na rimwe bitwa "abasukura" cyangwa "orchestre", izwiho "gutera urusaku" hamwe n'ibitero bikaze. Muri Siriya, bashyigikiye ubutegetsi bwa Bashar al-Assad kandi barinda imirima yinjiza amafaranga; muri Libiya, bifatanije n'ingabo za jenerali w'inyeshyamba Khalifa Haftar mu 2019 nyuma yo gutera guverinoma ishyigikiwe na Loni mu murwa mukuru, Tripoli. Kandi muri Afurika yose, bazanywe no gufasha Leta za gisirikare guhashya inyeshyamba n’imitwe y’iterabwoba (no gufata ibirombe bya diyama).

Ubu muri Ukraine, basubiye kurwana ari benshi, bivugwa ko "bakodeshwa" nk'itsinda ry'igitero cy’imitwe y'ingabo z'Uburusiya kandi bagenda bakora nk'ibisanzwe mu gisirikare. Gukoresha abacanshuro bivuze ko Uburusiya bushobora kwitandukanya n’ubugome bwa Wagner,itsinda rikunze gukora imirimo yanduye ya Kreml.

MacLeod agira ati: "Byerekeranye no guhakana." Ati: "Uburusiya buvuga kandi bwavuze ko igihe twaboherereje amabaruwa y'ibirego [kubera Wagner] ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira bwa muntu ko abacanshuro batemerewe n'amategeko y'Uburusiya, bityo bakaba badashobora kubikora."

Imbunda yahawe akazi ntabwo ari nshyashya,abapapa n'abami barayikoresheje kandi, mu mateka, bazwiho ubugome. Ntibafite urunigi rumwe rwo kuyobora no kugenzura ingabo zisanzwe zikora. MacLeod avuga ko ariko, muri iki gihe, Wagner yabigejeje ku rwego rushya. Ati: "Nta nimero y'indangamuntu, cyangwa imyenda, nta kubazwa. Abenegihugu bashobora kubamenya nk'abasore b'abazungu, cyangwa Abarusiya, ndetse na Wagner, ariko ubusanzwe ibyo ni ko bigenda. ”

Abarwanyi bakorwa kugirango basinye amasezerano yo kutamenyekanisha kandi bahabwa akazi binyuze mu rubuga rugoye rw'amasosiyete.  Mu byukuri, abahanga benshi ubu basobanukiwe n'itsinda nk'urusobe rw'abashoramari bo mu burusiya rw'abashoramari kode yohereza hanze ya Kreml,aho kuba ikigo kimwe cy'ubucuruzi.

MacLeod agira ati: "Nibyo koko, ku ishyirahamwe nk'iryo rikorera mu gicucu, birakwiriye ko habaho kwibaza abo ari bo, ingano yabo, aho bari." “Ibyo byiyongera ku yandi mayobera.”Nubwo bimeze bityo, abanyamakuru n'abashakashatsi mpuzamahanga nka MacLeod bashushanyije hamwe uburyo Wagner ikora.

Mu kiganiro gitaha tuzarebera hamwe uburyo wagnar group ikora, turebe ni nde uyiyobora kuri ubu, uruhare rwayo mu ntambara iri kubera muri Ukraine n'ibindi byinshi cyane.