Ubundi budasa! Umuvuduko wo gukingira Covid-19 mu Rwanda urenze uwa bimwe mu bihugu i Burayi

Mu buryo busanzwe bw’ibiganiro, nari nzi ko ibyo mbajije byumvikana kuko nk’uko twese twabyibwiraga, u Burayi bwashegeshwe cyane na Coronavirus, bwari mu ba mbere ku Isi bagiranye amasezerano n’inganda zikora inkingo za Coronavirus, ndetse kuko izo nganda zimwe zikorera kuri uwo mugabane, ntawatekereje ko kubona inkingo byari kuba ibintu bigoye, kuri uyu mugabane ukize, ufite intego yo gukingira 70% by’abawutuye bitarenze mu mpeshyi y’uyu mwaka.

Mu kunsubiza rero, yaranyitegereje abanza guseka muri ‘video call’ twarimo tugirana, maze ambwira ko uko nibwira ibintu atari ko bimeze, kuko ibibengerana byose atari zahabu, ati “shahu byihorere, iyo uba uri inaha ntuba uri kwivugisha ayo”.

Abonye nsa nk’ukibigira urwenya, yaransobanuriye ambwira ko atazi igihe azabonera urukingo, kuko ibikorwa byo gutanga inkingo byarimo kugenda gahoro cyane, ku buryo atishyiraga mu ba hafi bazaruhabwa vuba, n’ubwo arukeneye cyane kuko akora ubucuruzi bumusaba gukora ingendo nyinshi kandi akaba ari umugabo umaze kugera mu za bukuru.

Nashatse kumubaza impamvu u Burayi tuzi ko bukize, bufite inganda hafi aho kandi bwanasegeshwe cyane na Coronavirus, bwirashe mu kirenge budindiza ibikorwa byo kugeza inkingo ku bazikeneye, maze ntararangiza anca mu ijambo ati “Kugira inkingo gusa ntibihagije, kuko bisaba no kugira uburyo bwo kuzikwirakwiza, hagategurwa abazitanga, abazazihabwa, aho zizatangirwa n’uko zizabikwa, kandi byose bigakorwa mbere y’igihe inkingo zitaragera aho zizatangirwa”.

Yunzemo ati “Rero ibyo ntibizanwa n’ubukire cyangwa ubukene, bishingira ku bushake n’ubwitange bwa Leta, ba uretse uzarebe ko nizigera i Kigali ibyo bibazo uzabyumva”.

Coronavirus; igipimo cy’ubushobozi bw’imiyoborere y’ibihugu ku Isi

Bitewe n’uburyo icyorezo cya Coronavirus cyageze ku Isi hose, kandi kikaba ari indwara yica, umubare w’abo yica ugaterwa n’ingamba zo kuyirinda ziri mu gice runaka, hari benshi, barimo n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Brookings, bemeza ko muri rusange, ibihugu bifite imiyoborere myiza, byanagize amahirwe menshi yo kurwanya Coronavirus kurusha ibihugu bidafite imiyoborere ihamye.

Birumvikana ko utakumira abantu kwicwa n’indwara nshya y’icyorezo kandi itagira umuti n’urukingo (mbere y’uko bivumburwa), ariko kuko Coronavirus ari indwara isaba kwitwararika no gufatanya hagati ya Leta n’abaturage mu kubahiriza ingamba zo kwirinda ikwirakwira ryayo, ibihugu bifite inzego zikomeye kandi zikorana n’abaturage, byagaragaje ikigero cyiza cyo guhangana na Coronavirus kurusha ibindi.

Kuva ku wa 14 Werurwe, u Rwanda narwo rwinjiye mu rugamba rutoroshye rwo guhangana na Coronavirus kuko ari bwo umuntu wa mbere yageze mu gihugu agasangwamo icyo cyorezo.

Mu buryo busa nk’ubwari bwiteguwe mbere, Leta yahise ishyiraho ingamba za Guma mu Rugo yatangiye ku wa 21 Werurwe, u Rwanda ruba igihugu cya mbere gishyizeho izo ngamba ku Mugabane wa Afurika ndetse imara iminsi 45 yose, na bwo iba iya mbere yamaze igihe kinini muri Afurika, muri ayo mezi ya mbere ya Coronavirus ku Mugabane.

Hari abatekereje ko izo ngamba zarimo ‘ugukabya’ kuko mu Rwanda n’ubundi hari umubare muto w’abarwaye Coronavirus, bakavuga ko u Rwanda ‘rwarimo kwigana u Burayi’ na bwo bwari mu bihe nk’ibyo bya Guma mu Rugo, ariko rukirengagiza ingaruka z’ubukungu zizanwa no gufunga ibikorwa byose mu gihugu, ibyo bamwe banavuze ko byari bigamije ‘kwiyerekana neza imbere y’amahanga ngo arushime’.

Ibi ariko si ko bimeze, kuko kuva ku barimo Umukuru w’Igihugu, bagiye bagaruka kenshi ku ngaruka zo gufunga ibikorwa by’abaturage, kuko bituma ubukungu bwabo budindira ndetse bamwe bagasubira mu bukene, kandi nyamara byaratwaye amikoro menshi kugira ngo babukurwemo.

Ejo bundi na bwo Perezida Paul Kagame aherutse kugaruka kuri iyi ngingo, mu kiganiro yagiranye na Evgeny Lebedev, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cya Lebedev Holdings Ltd gifite ibinyamakuru birimo The Independent cyo mu Bwongereza. Muri icyo kiganiro, Perezida Kagame yasobanuye ko ubuyobozi buzi ingaruka z’ingamba za Guma mu Rugo, kuko Coronavirus ‘yagabanyije ubukungu buto dufite’.

Yanavuze kandi ko Leta ibizi neza ko abantu bahungabana cyane muri ibi bihe bya Guma mu Rugo, ati “Hari abantu benshi bakeneye kubona inyungu ya buri munsi kugira ngo bigaburire n’imiryango yabo, kandi tukabasaba kuguma mu rugo”.

Ibi kubikora gutya si ukundi kwirengagiza, ahubwo ni uko ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda ikwirakwira ridasanzwe ry’icyorezo cya Coronavirus, ryagira ingaruka zikomeye kandi z’igihe kirekire mu gihe icyorezo cyaramuka kirenze ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwo kukigenzura.

Inyungu ya mbere yamaze kugaragara, ni igabanuka ry’impfu zikomotse kuri Covid-19, kuko kugeza ubu, u Rwanda rumaze gutakaza abantu 270 gusa, bari ku kigero cya 1,4% ugereranyije n’abanduye icyo cyorezo bose mu gihugu, ikigero kiri munsi y’icyo ku rwego rw’Isi, kingana na 3%.

Mu gihugu gituwe na miliyoni hafi 12,7, uwavuga ko umubare w’abantu bapfuye ari muto ugereranyije n’uw’Abanyarwanda bose, ntabwo yaba agiye kure y’ukuri.

Umuvuduko w’ikingira mu Rwanda urenze uw’i Burayi

Kera kabaye, nyuma yo gusiragizwa inshuro nyinshi, u Rwanda, kimwe n’ibindi bihugu bya Afurika, byakiriye inkingo za mbere za Coronavirus.

Ku itariki ya Gatatu Werurwe, u Rwanda rwakiriye inkingo 342.960 muri gahunda ya Covax igamije gusaranganya inkingo ku Isi, zirimo 240.000 zakozwe n’uruganda rwa AstraZeneca ndetse n’izindi 102.960 zakozwe n’uruganda rwa Pfizer.

Rwaje no kwakira izindi nkingo 50.000 zatanzwe n’u Buhinde, ndetse mbere yaho rwari rwatanze inkingo 1 000 muri gahunda yihariye itandukanye na Covax.

Ku giteranyo cyose, u Rwanda rumaze kwakira inkingo 393 960 zizarangira hakingiwe abantu 196 980, kuko buri wese azakingirwa inshuro ebyiri.

Nyuma yo kuzakira, bukeye bwaho ku wa 4 Werurwe, Leta yatangiye gukwirakwiza inkingo hirya no hino mu gihugu, igikorwa cyari giteguwe neza ku buryo inkingo uwo munsi zaraye zigejejwe aho zagombaga kugezwa hose mu turere 30 tw’igihugu, bikorwa vuba kuko hifashishijwe indege za kajugujugu z’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda (RDF).
Ku munsi wakurikiyeho, u Rwanda rwahise rutangira gutanga inkingo ku baturage, hibandwa ku bafite ibyago byo kwandura Coronavirus kurusha abandi, barimo abakora mu nzego z’ubuzima, abakuze n’abasanganywe indwara zidakira.

Nyuma y’iminsi itanu, kugera ku wa 9 Werurwe, u Rwanda rwari rumaze gutanga inkingo 220 048 mu gihugu hose, bivuze ko ku mpuzandengo y’iminsi itanu, u Rwanda rwatanze inkingo 44 009 ku munsi umwe.

Icyatunguye benshi muri ibi bikorwa by’ikingira, ni uburyo byari biteguye neza ku rwego rwo hejuru. Bitwara iminota 20 kugira ngo umuntu abe amaze gukingirwa no kwemererwa gukomeza imirimo ye.

Iyo umuntu yinjiye ahatangirwa inkingo, abanza kunyura ahantu habugenewe bakareba ko ari muri mudasobwa, kuko abantu bahabwa inkingo mu Rwanda barazwi kandi bamaze gutegurwa, ku buryo bagera ahatangirwa inkingo bategerejwe, nta bya bindi byo kwiba umugono bizwi kuri ba rusahurira mu nduru.

Iyo rero basanze uri muri mudasobwa, uratambuka imbere ukinjira aho inkingo zitangirwa ugaterwa urwawe, byose bigakorwa mu gihe kiri munsi y’iminota itanu.

Nyuma yaho, umuntu ajya kwicara ahabugenewe, agategereza iminota 15 kugira ngo harebwe niba nta ngaruka y’ako kanya agira kubera urukingo. Aho kandi haba hari abantu baryamiye amajanja, ku buryo umwe mu bakingiwe aramutse agize ikibazo cyihutirwa, ahita yitabwaho rugikubita, akajyanwa kwitabwaho byihariye.

Mu gihe ya minota 15 ishize nta kibazo kibayeho, haba hari umuntu ushinzwe kubwira abantu ko iminota yarangiye. Bitewe n’uko baba bahageze mu bihe bitandukanye, uwo muntu ahamagara buri umwe mu bakingiwe akamusaba gutaha, ibi bigakorwa hashize iminota 15, itaburaho cyangwa ngo irengeho.

U Rwanda rufite intego yo kuzakingira nibura 60% by’abaturage barwo bamaze kuba miliyoni 12 955 736, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, NISR. 60% by’abaturage b’u Rwanda ni miliyoni 7 773 441 bakenera inkingo zingana na 15 546 882, kuko umuntu umwe aterwa inkingo ebyiri.

Biramutse bigenze neza rero, u Rwanda rugakomeza gukorera kuri uyu muvuduko w’ikingira kandi rukabona inkingo zikenewe, rwakingira 60% by’abaturage barwo mu gihe kitarenze amezi arindwi gusa.

Ushobora gukeka ko gutanga inkingo zingana gutyo ari ibintu bisanzwe, kuko wenda zihari kandi n’ubundi ari cyo zagenewe, ariko ibi si ko bimeze kuko urebye umuvuduko inkingo ziri gutangirwaho mu Rwanda, uri hejuru kurusha uwakoreshejwe n’ibihugu binateye imbere.

Nk’urugero, mu cyumweru cya mbere cy’ikingira, u Bufaransa bwakingiye gusa abantu 500, mu gihe u Budage bwakingiye abantu 200 000.

Imbogamizi yo kubona inkingo zihagije

Kimwe mu bibazo bikomereye Afurika n’u Rwanda muri rusange, si ubushobozi bwo gukingira, ahubwo ni ubushobozi bwo kubona inkingo.

Ikibabaje muri byose, ni uko ibihugu by’i Burayi n’ibindi bikize, byihariye inkingo ziri ku isoko kabone n’ubwo ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere birimo kwishyura igiciro gikubye gatatu igiciro gisanzwe cy’urukingo.

Ikirushaho gutuma ibintu bijya habi kurushaho, ni uko ibihugu by’u Rwanda biri gukoresha inkingo zemejwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS, ari na zo ziri gutangwa muri gahunda ya Covax, ibituma Afurika isigarana amahitamo macye kuko hari inkingo zakozwe n’ibihugu by’u Bushinwa n’u Burusiya ariko zitaremerwa na OMS.

Nk’urugero, amakuru agaragaza ko u Burayi nibuhabwa inkingo zose bwatumije, buzabona izishobora gukingira abaturage babwo inshuro ebyiri zose (buri nshuro yatewe inkingo ebyiri zikenewe). Canada nayo yamaze kugura inkingo zikubye inshuro eshanu iz’umubare w’abaturage b’icyo gihugu, mu gihe Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yamaze kugura inkingo miliyari 2,6, zizakingira miliyoni 331 z’Abanyamerika gusa.

Ubu bwikubire rero ni bwo butuma ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, bibura inkingo zo guha abaturage babyo, kuko ibihugu bikize, bituwe na 16% by’abatuye Isi, byamaze kugura 70% by’inkingo za Coronavirus zimaze kwemezwa.

Ikindi giteye agahinda, ni uko izo nkingo atari ko zose zikoreshwa, kuko harimo zimwe muri zo zipfa ubusa kuko igihe cyazo cyarangiye cyangwa se zibitswe nabi.

Nko muri Leta ya Texas muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, haherutse kumvikana umuganga wahaye inkingo abagenzi mu muhanda, kuko zendaga kurangiza igihe zakorewe zigapfa ubusa, mu gihe izindi nkingo zirenga 16 000 ziherutse kwangirika muri Leta ya Michigan na Maine muri Amerika.

Izi nkingo zangirika ahanini kubera kubikwa nabi kuko zibikwa igihe kirekire, aho bimwe mu bihugu bikize kuri ubu byabitse inkingo zizakoreshwa mu mezi ari imbere, ibintu bitumvikana uhereye ku buryo izi nkingo zikenewe ku Isi muri ibi bihe turimo, aho kuba ibizaza.

Ku bwa Tao Lina, impuguke mu bijyanye n’inkingo ukorera i Shanghai mu Bushinwa, yavuze ko ibikorwa byo kubika inkingo igihe kirekire kandi hari aho zidakoreshwa bidakwiriye.

Aherutse kubwira Global Times ati “Ariko si ngombwa kwikubira inkingo. Bizatwara ibyumweru ndetse n’amezi kugira inkingo miliyoni (zabitswe zitangwe). Iyaba ibihugu bikize byakwemera gusangira inkingo n’ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere, gutanga inkingo byakorohera ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere”.